Lord Burghley served three Tudor Monarchs in an unparalleled rise to power during the reign of Elizabeth I and his political influence on state matters, his remarkable close bond to the queen, and the self-sacrifice in his service to the state and crown, are closely examined in this unprecedented work. The life and career of William’s youngest son Robert, Earl of Salisbury, who also became Elizabeth’s Chief Minister as heir to his father’s political mantle, will also be discussed.
Robert served his queen equally to, if not more ruthlessly than his father. His powerful position remained intact during the transition of the crown from the House of Tudor to the House of Stuart upon Elizabeth’s death in 1603. Robert’s loyalties and his relationship with his father remain a topic of discussion and debate. This book will also explore the transition of power from one Cecil to another, and how both men created a powerful dynasty and legacy that continues to fascinate readers today.
The book is based on a close examination of William and Robert Cecil’s correspondence, personal papers, state papers, legal documents, and memoranda. By closely examining these sources, the author has gained a clearer insight into the lives and careers of the Cecil’s, the true powerhouse behind the throne.
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A detailed look at the father / son duo of William and Robert Cecil, from their humble beginnings to their prominence under Queen Elizabeth I. Author David Lee explores their political careers and personal lives, their personalities and relationship with Elizabeth, politics and religions, their rises and rewards, and finally their legacy.
We begin with William - his family and early life, his own marriage and family, and his formation of ties to the monarchy. His career began under Henry VIII and continued under Henry's son and successor Edward VI - Lee comments that Cecil's "... early life and religiosity reflected that of the monarchs .." - a wise move no doubt under Henry. Even at this stage (1540s & 1550s), Cecil was developing his relationship with Elizabeth. When Catholic Mary Tudor came to power, Cecil, a protestant, wisely stayed away from court, and he only re-emerges when Elizabeth takes the throne.
Lee then examines Cecil's position as secretary and how he was viewed by his contemporaries; his patronage and influence; and onto his own family and their positions.
Cecil's tenure coincided with religious tensions both in England and Europe. There was also the question of Mary Queen of Scots and the secret marriages of Elizabeth's kinswomen. During this time, another key player at the Elizabethan court was on the rise - Walsingham - the Spy Master. Quite timely as the 1580s were marked by plots and treason, the execution of Mary, the rise of the Jesuits and the threat of the Spanish Armada.
Cecil's final decade witnessed the rise of his son Robert, who had taken over from Walsingham whilst his eldest son by his first marriage, Thomas, took his place in the parliament, and succeeded his father as Lord Burghley.
We move onto Robert's career under James I, which begins rather precariously due to his rivalry with Walter Raleigh. However, following the Gunpowder Plot, Robert's position stablises and he too rises in esteem. But the court of James I was a hotbed of scandal, not the least for Thomas Cecil.
What Lee provides is a valuable insight into a family whose sense of duty to the monarch and crown saw them well rewarded and regarded even if not by those courtiers who viewed them with a slightly envious eye. Their political legacy extended even into the 20th century.
Recommended for those wanting to expand their reading beyond general histories of both the Tudor, Elizabethan and Jacobite periods.
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